Quran chapter 1

Chapter 1 of the Quran, Surah Al-Fatihah (The Opening), consists of seven verses and is considered the essence of the Quran. Below is an explanation based purely on the Arabic words and their linguistic meanings.

Verse-by-Verse Breakdown (Based on Arabic Lexical Meanings):

1. بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ
   • Bismi (بِسْمِ): “In the name of”
   • Allah (اللَّهِ): The proper name of God in Islam.
   • Ar-Rahman (الرَّحْمَـٰنِ): Derived from rahma (mercy), meaning “The Most Merciful” (in a universal sense).
   • Ar-Raheem (الرَّحِيمِ): Also from rahma, meaning “The Especially Merciful” (in a continuous, specific sense).
   • Literal Meaning: “In the name of Allah, the Universally Merciful, the Especially Merciful.”
2. الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ
   • Alhamdu (الْحَمْدُ): “All praise” (acknowledgment of perfection and gratitude).
   • Lillah (لِلَّهِ): “Belongs to Allah.”
   • Rabb (رَبِّ): “Lord, Sustainer, Nurturer.”
   • Al-Alameen (الْعَالَمِينَ): “All the worlds” (everything that exists).
   • Literal Meaning: “All praise belongs to Allah, the Sustainer of all the worlds.”
3. الرَّحْمَـٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ
   • Repetition of Allah’s attributes of mercy (as in verse 1).
   • Literal Meaning: “The Universally Merciful, the Especially Merciful.”
4. مَالِكِ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ
   • Malik (مَالِكِ): “Owner” or “Sovereign.”
   • Yawm (يَوْمِ): “Day.”
   • Ad-Deen (الدِّينِ): “Judgment,” “Reckoning,” or “Religion.”
   • Literal Meaning: “Sovereign of the Day of Judgment.”
5. إِيَّاكَ نَعْبُدُ وَإِيَّاكَ نَسْتَعِينُ
   • Iyyaka (إِيَّاكَ): “You alone.”
   • Na’budu (نَعْبُدُ): “We worship.”
   • Nasta’een (نَسْتَعِينُ): “We seek help.”
   • Literal Meaning: “You alone we worship, and You alone we ask for help.”
6. اهْدِنَا الصِّرَاطَ الْمُسْتَقِيمَ
   • Ihdina (اهْدِنَا): “Guide us.”
   • As-Sirat (الصِّرَاطَ): “The path.”
   • Al-Mustaqeem (الْمُسْتَقِيمَ): “Straight” (without deviation).
   • Literal Meaning: “Guide us to the straight path.”
7. صِرَاطَ الَّذِينَ أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ غَيْرِ الْمَغْضُوبِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا الضَّالِّينَ
   • Allatheena (الَّذِينَ): “Those whom.”
   • An’amta (أَنْعَمْتَ): “You have blessed.”
   • Alayhim (عَلَيْهِمْ): “Upon them.”
   • Ghayr (غَيْرِ): “Not.”
   • Al-Maghdoobi (الْمَغْضُوبِ): “Those who incurred anger.”
   • Ad-Dalleen (الضَّالِّينَ): “The astray.”
   • Literal Meaning: “The path of those You have blessed, not of those who incurred anger, nor of the astray.”

Summary of Surah Al-Fatihah Based on Arabic:

1. It begins by invoking Allah’s name with His attributes of mercy.
2. Acknowledges that all praise belongs to Allah as the Sustainer of all existence.
3. Reaffirms His mercy.
4. Recognizes His absolute authority on the Day of Judgment.
5. Declares exclusive worship and reliance on Him.
6. Seeks guidance to the straight path.
7. Defines that path as the way of the blessed, not of those who angered Allah or went astray.

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Allah knows best.